A 2002 study from the John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health estimated that, using our current system, three calories of energy are needed to create one calorie of edible food. And that was on average. Some foods take far more, for instance grain-fed beef, which requires thirty-five calories for every calorie of beef produced. – Sustainabletable.org
The biggest culprit of fossil fuel usage in industrial farming is not transporting food or fueling machinery; it’s chemicals. As much as forty percent of energy used in the food system goes towards the production of artificial fertilizers and pesticides. – Sustainabletable.org